Kumpai padi oryza rupifogon, kumpai minyak hymenachne amplexicaulis, are bolong polygonum barbatum l, bento rayap. Hymenachne hymenachne amplexicaulis also blocks waterways, potentially causing flooding and threatening drinking water, and blocks drainage and irrigation channels in cropping areas. Tropical and subtropical regions on dry land or floating in water up to one metre deep kowari editorial committee 1991. The island has a catholic shrine that attracts devotees from both countries.
Rapid response to the discovery of olive hymenachne hymenachne amplexicaulis rudge nees on rinyirru lakefield national park. It is also known as bluntleaved milkweed and sand milkweed. Highlights we propose a strategy to manage hymenachne amplexicaulis in australia. Asclepias amplexicaulis simple english wikipedia, the free. Stems floating, creeping, or ascending to 1 m 3 ft or more in height, spar.
Hymenachne or olive hymenachne hymenachne amplexicaulis. Hymenachne belongs to the family poaceae and was first characterised by rudge in 1805 as panicum amplexicaule hill 1996. Hymenachne is from the greek hymen meaning membrane and achne meaning chaff, glume, scale and amplexicaulis is from latin, literally embracing the stem or stem. It has oval to heartshaped midgreen leaves and grows to a height and spread of 4. Crude protein levels in whole tops varies from 921 rarely to 30% at different times of year, with leaf levels up to 25% and stem 9%. To assess whether this insect could be considered as a specialist. The asterisk indicates that the average value was obtained by an equation. Field surveys in the native range indicated that i. Big flatsfloodplain marsh along the myakka river dominated by west. Pdf 4 pages 60 weed species identified by australia. Wilson hymenachne or olive hymenachne hymenachne amplexicaulis how itspreads hymenachne reproduces from. Hymenachne amplexicaulis is occasionally found growing in wet pastures from the central peninsula to collier county. This page was last edited on 8 december 2019, at 18.
It is native to the west indies and blooms in the fall wunderlin. West indian marsh grass hymenachne amplexicaulis invasive. Wearne and others published the biology of australian weeds 56. West indian marsh grass, hymenachne amplexicaulis rudge nees poaceae, is one of many species currently invading sensitive wetlands in central and south florida.
Grows on dry land and floats in water, stems erect or spreading. Research highlights fourteen insects were recorded on invasive hymenachne amplexicaulis and six on native hymenachne acutigluma in australia. Except where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a creative commons attribution cc by licence. Hymenachne is from the greek hymen meaning membrane and achne meaning chaff, glume, scale and amplexicaulis is from latin, literally embracing the. Persicaria amplexicaulis syn bistorta amplexicaulis, polygonum amplexicaule bistort, mountain fleece persicaria amplexicaulis is a clumpforming, leafy, semievergreen perennial from the himalayas. It is known in australia as olive hymenachne, or simply as hymenachne, the latter risking confusion with a native species hymenachne acutigluma gilliland 2 wearne et al. Hymenachne hymenachne amplexicaulis may be confused with the closely related native species hymenachne acutigluma. This armored scale was first recorded in florida and the u.
Hymenachne is a semiaquatic grass that was introduced as fodder in ponded pastures of central queensland. They are distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of asia, the americas, and the pacific islands. This approach could be useful against other widespread invasive plants. Hymenachne amplexicaulis rudge nees, a native of south and central america, is distinct from hymenachne acutigluma steudel gilliland, a native of northern australian flood plains calder 1981 and. Leaf anatomical characterization of hymenachne amplexicaulis. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. Hymenachne amplexicaulis in the germplasm resources information network. The leaf blade is heartshaped at its base where it clasps around the stem this is a key characteristic of this species.
West indian marsh grass hymenachne amplexicaulis1 rodrigo diaz, william a. No hostspecific insects were recorded on the invasive species. Export a ris file for endnote, procite, reference manager, zotero, mendeley export a text. Azuche hymenachne amplexicaulis rudge nees is a c 3 grass native to tropical flooded areas in south and central america with 2n 2x 24. Hymenachne hymenachne amplexicaulis is a weed of national significance and is regarded as one of the worst weeds in australia because of its invasiveness, potential for spread, economic and environmental impacts. As people in one region may refer to it with one name, others in another region. In aquatic plants, aerenchyma allows the easy movement of oxygen from the leaves to the roots. Pdf leaf anatomical characterization of hymenachne. Download a page pdf from identification and biology of nonnative plants in floridas natural areas second edition 1. Hymenachne amplexicaulis is occasionally found growing in wet pastures from. While i noticed some large patches last year, this year its everywhere.
West indies, tropical central and south america botanical description. Hymenachne amplexicaulis rudge nees, a native of south and central america, is distinct from hymenachne acutigluma steudel gilliland, a native of northern australian flood. It has escaped from cultivation as a ponded pasture grass in recent years and now seriously threatens the wetlands of northern. Bistorta, mountain fleece bistorta amplexicaulis firetail.
Hymenachne hymenachne amplexicaulis legal requirements hymenachne is a category 3 restricted invasive plant under the biosecurity act 2014. Media in category hymenachne amplexicaulisthis category contains only the following file. Hymenachne amplexicaulis in the germplasm resources. Hymenachne amplexicaulis hymenachne spreads by both seeds and vegetation and quickly takes over wetlands. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. Azuche hymenachne amplexicaulis rudge nees is a c 3 grass native to tropical flooded areas in. Photographs kindly supplied with the assistance of nsw department of primary industries and queensland government natural resources and mines. Amplexicaul definition of amplexicaul by the free dictionary. Hymenachne or olive hymenachne department of agriculture. Olive hymenachne hymenachne amplexicaulis it has long leaves 100 450mm and the leaf base may be up to 30mm wide and covered with long hairs. West indian marsh grass hymenachne amplexicaulis, also known as. Hymenachne amplexicaulis is a perennial, evergreen grass with robust, decumbent stems 200 350cm long that root and form new growth at the lower nodes. Hymenachne amplexicaulis, also known as west indian marsh grass in the us, olive hymenachne in australia, and hereafter referred to as hymenachne, is new world species in the genus hymenachne. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information.
Natural enemies of invasive hymenachne amplexicaulis and its. Weed management guide hymenachne or olive hymenachne hymenachne amplexicaulis hymenachne threatens conservation areas, such as djukbinj national park, nt. It can be grown for pasture in natural or artificially inundated pondage areas. On seasonally flooded floodplains, it needs over 1 m of water during the wet season to persist. This page was last edited on 14 september 2017, at 20. It is native to the west indies and blooms in the fall wunderlin, 2003. Hymenachne amplexicaulis rudge nees the plant list. Hymenachne amplexicaulis rudge nees is an accepted name this name is the accepted name of a species in the genus hymenachne family poaceae.
Pdf azuche, hymenachne amplexicaulis rudge nees, forage. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under. Pp1 efficacy evaluation of plant protection products. It must not be given away, sold, or released into the environment. Hymenachne or olive hymenachne hymenachne amplexicaulis current potential hymenachne or olive hymenachne hymenachne amplexicaulis hymenachne spreads by both seeds and vegetation and quickly takes over wetlands. The agriculture victoria website has information about the noxious weed classification of this species. Duplachionaspis divergens green a new pest of sugarcane and other grasses in florida hemiptera.
Read geographic differentiation of management objectives for invasive species. Pdf a laboratory experiment compared germination of the invasive exotic. Clasping the stem, as the bases of certain leaves do. Prevention, eradication, containment or asset protection are ascribed as objectives. The strategy entails geographical differentiation using 21 management zones. It has potential as a nutrient sink and sediment trap in situations. Unlike most tropical grasses, hymenachne employs the c3 photosynthetic pathway, which usually results in lower lignin content of the herbage. Hymenachne is a genus of widespread wetlands plants that is in the grass family. Stems floating, creeping, or ascending to 1 m 3 ft or more in height, sparingly branched, rooting at. Cyclarhis gujanensis gmelin brazil, e peru and ne bolivia cyclarhis gujanensis flaviventris or septentrionalis. Natural enemies of invasive hymenachne amplexicaulis and its native congener in australia and the potential for biological control. About eight species of the genus hymenachne are generally distributed in the tropics of both hemispheres. Hymenachne amplexicaulis rudge nees university of florida.
All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. In conclusion, with or without katchatheevu, there is a lot that can be done to improve the lot of indian fishermen by weaning them away from mechanised fishing in the coastal waters and in palk straits in the context of dwindling catch and unwanted. The upper part of the leaf is narrower and without hairs. Hymenachne has also been planted as a pasture grass in some patches of. One insect species of 6 17% on the native grass appears to be host specific at the species level. Download a page pdf from identification and biology of nonnative plants in. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative. This document is eny693, one of a series of the entomology and nematology department, ufifas extension. Spraying an entire heavy infestation can cause hymenachne to sink and result in biological hazards from rotting vegetation. Duplachionaspis divergens green a new pest of sugarcane. Hill introduction hymenachne amplexicaulis rudge nees, is a robust, rhizomatous perennial grass, spreading on moist soil or floating in water. Hymenachne amplexicaulis florida natural areas inventory.
Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Because it grows so rapidly, it flourishes in wetlands that receive sediment and nutrientrich water, and it may be a good indicator of such pollution. However, these two species can be distinguished by the following differences. It is regarded as one of the worst weeds in australia because of its invasiveness, potential for spread, and economic and environmental impacts. A weed or plant may have more than one common name. Leaf blades strongly clasp the stem, prominent lightcoloured hairs at the base.
Dal grass hymenachne amplexicaulis, aerial part, fresh. Origin and spread in florida west indian marsh grass is a native of south america and the west indies and has spread to most countries of the neotropics. Wilson hymenachne or olive hymenachne hymenachne amplexicaulis. Asclepias amplexicaulis simple english wikipedia, the. Geographic differentiation of management objectives for. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 419660 with original publication details. In rare instances, a publisher has elected to have a zero moving wall, so. Pdf the leaf anatomy of 32 ecotypes of azuche, hymenachne amplexicaulis rudge nees pasture grass native to mexico was compared to identify valuable. This species is found in prairies and open woodlands, usually in sandy soil. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above.
Hymenachne amplexicaulis ufifas center for aquatic and. Hymenachne can withstand prolonged 40 weeks flooding by growing above floodwaters. Manipulation of water levels drying, drowning plants. Hymenachne or olive hymenachne hymenachne amplexicaulis weed management guide pdf 466 kbabout the guide. Natural enemies of invasive hymenachne amplexicaulis and. Hymenachne amplexicaulis, a grass native to the west indies, is by far the dominant grass to be seen in the marshes at the park bridge at this time. Clasping milkweed asclepias amplexicaulis is a species of milkweed plant.
831 39 74 881 1327 714 1147 197 49 1369 1272 1346 1306 975 1157 589 1242 1222 88 851 830 94 670 70 1126 774 366 1008 495 641 86 1496 307 982